Promoter (luxR & HSL regulated -- lux pR)
Vinay S Mahajan, Voichita D. Marinescu, Brian Chow, Alexander D Wissner-Gross and Peter Carr
Promoter activated by LuxR in concert with HSL The lux cassette of V. fischeri contains a left and a right promoter. The right promoter gives weak constitutive expression of downstream genes.This expression is up-regulated by the action of the LuxR activator protein complexed with the autoinducer, 3-oxo-hexanoyl-HSL. Two molecules of LuxR protein form a complex with two molecules of the signalling compound homoserine lactone (HSL). This complex binds to a palindromic site on the promoter, increasing the rate of transcription.
This promoter is based on the Vibrio fischeri quorum sensing gene promoters. Two genes LuxI and LuxR and transcribed in opposite directions as shown below. The original sequence from which the parts <bb_part>BBa_R0062</bb_part> and <bb_part>BBa_R0063</bb_part> were derived is shown in the picture below. <img src="<bb_file>Image1.gif</bb_file>" width="614" height="362">
tetracycline repressor from transposon Tn10 (+LVA)
June Rhee, Connie Tao, Ty Thomson, Louis Waldman.
Coding region for the TetR protein without the Ribosome Binding Site. Modified with an LVA tail for rapid degradation of the protein and faster fall time for the emission. TetR binds to the pTet regulator (BBa_R0040). aTc (anhydrotetracycline) binds to TetR and inhibits its operation.
References (unparsed) here: Elowitz, M. B. Transport, Assembly, and Dynamics in Systems of Interacting Proteins. Thesis, Princeton Univ., Princeton (1999). Lutz R, Bujard H., Independent and tight regulation of transcriptional units in Escherichia coli via the LacR/O, the TetR/O and AraC/I1-I2 regulatory elements. Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Mar 15;25(6):1203-10. PMID: 9092630 References (unparsed) here: Elowitz, M. B. Transport, Assembly, and Dynamics in Systems of Interacting Proteins. Thesis, Princeton Univ., Princeton (1999). Lutz R, Bujard H., Independent and tight regulation of transcriptional units in Escherichia coli via the LacR/O, the TetR/O and AraC/I1-I2 regulatory elements. Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Mar 15;25(6):1203-10. PMID: 9092630 BBa_C0040 TetR Protein is based on the TetR sequence from Elowitz's repressilator. It has been modified to include a rapid degradation LVA tail, and includes the BioBrick standard assembly head and tail restriction sites. The RBS has been removed. The stop codon has been changed from TAA to a double stop codon TAATAA.
Elowitz, M. B. Transport, Assembly, and Dynamics in Systems of Interacting Proteins. Thesis, Princeton Univ., Princeton (1999)
RBS.3 (medium) -- derivative of BBa_0030
Vinay S Mahajan, Voichita D. Marinescu, Brian Chow, Alexander D Wissner-Gross and Peter Carr IAP, 2003.
Weak1 RBS based on Ron Weiss thesis. Strength is considered relative to <bb_part>BBa_B0030</bb_part>, <bb_part>BBa_B0031</bb_part>, <bb_part>BBa_B0033</bb_part>.
Varies from -6 to +1 region from original sequence to accomodate BioBricks suffix ("RBS-2" in figure 4-14 of thesis). Contact info for this part: Brian Chow
Medium RBS based on Ron Weiss thesis. Strength considered relative to <bb_part>BBa_B0030</bb_part>, <bb_part>BBa_B0032</bb_part>, <bb_part>BBa_B0033</bb_part>.
Varies from -6 to +1 region from original sequence to accomodate BioBricks suffix ("RBS-1" in figure 4-14 of thesis). No secondary structures are formed in the given RBS region. Users should check for secondary structures induced in the RBS by upstream and downstream elements in the +50 to -50 region, as such structures will greatly affect the strength of the RBS. Contact info for this part: Brian Cho
Bidirectional transcriptional terminator consisting of a 22 bp stem-loop.
In the naturally-occuring sequence there is a mismatch in the stem of the stem loop. This can be corrected via an A->G mutation (at position 40 -- sequence coordinate/not MFOLD coordinate). The above sequence does not reflect this mutation (but the MFOLD image does). This terminator's location cannot be found using some inverted repeat detectors like PALINDROME because it is too short and contains a mismatch. This one was found with the help of Tom Knight. It lies between two coding regions that point towards eachother.
Derived from luxICDABEG operon terminator of Vibrio fischeri <genbank>AF170104</genbank>.
Coding region for the HK022 bacteriophage cI protein. cI binds to the HK022 pR regulator (BBa_R0050). It represses transcription of the protein encoded by the sequence 3' to the pR region. This coding sequence does not contain a RBS.
References (unparsed) here: Carlson NG, Little JW. Highly cooperative DNA binding by the coliphage HK022 repressor. J Mol Biol. 1993 Apr 20;230(4):1108-30. PMID: 8487297. Mao C, Little JW. Mutations affecting cooperative DNA binding of phage HK022 CI repressor. J Mol Biol. 1998 May 29;279(1):31-48. PMID: 9636698. References (unparsed) here: Carlson NG, Little JW. Highly cooperative DNA binding by the coliphage HK022 repressor. J Mol Biol. 1993 Apr 20;230(4):1108-30. PMID: 8487297. Mao C, Little JW. Mutations affecting cooperative DNA binding of phage HK022 CI repressor. J Mol Biol. 1998 May 29;279(1):31-48. PMID: 9636698. Derived from <genbank>STHK022N</genbank>. Response from John Little (Arizona) regarding the start of HK022 cI From: <jlittle@email.arizona.edu> Date: Tue Jan 21, 2003 4:39:21 PM US/Eastern To: "Drew Endy" <endy@MIT.EDU> Subject: RE: hk022 cI start (naive question)? Hello Drew and Michael, I seriously doubt that the extra 27 aa are part of CI. It doesn't make sense in terms of the biology, for sure. In any case, the protein we characterized starts where Carlson and Little stated; as I recall, oR3 partially overlaps the start of cI. I have a vague memory of some possibly interesting biology, having to do with multicopy plasmids. I don't recall the findings themselves. Anyway, one possible explanation was that this extra N-terminal addition was made (e.g. from the pRE promoter, or from a message that arose from transcription around the entire plasmid), making a protein with altered functions. We never followed it up. Good luck John -- Original Message -- Date: Sun, 19 Jan 2003 15:26:26 -0500 Subject: hk022 cI start (naive question)? Cc: elowitm@rockefeller.edu To: jlittle@u.arizona.edu From: Drew Endy <endy@MIT.EDU> Hi John, I'm sitting here with Michael Elowitz and we're working through the sequence for HK022 cI. We noticed that the annotation from NC_002166 includes an "extra" 81 base pairs upstream of what we thought of as the actual start. It looks like this extra DNA extends into the PR regulatory region. We're wondering what's going on here? I'm guessing this is well documented somewhere. Thanks for any pointers/info! Drew It is unknown whether there is cross-talk between this repressor and Lambda cI regulatory region, 434 cI regulatory region and P22 regulatory region.
cI repressor from E. coli phage lambda (+LVA)
Vinay S Mahajan, Brian Chow, Peter Carr, Voichita Marinescu and Alexander D. Wissner-Gross
Coding region for the cI repressor based on cI repressor from bacteriophage lambda modified with an LVA tail for rapid degradation of the protein. cI repressor binds to the cI regulator (BBa_R0051).
References (unparsed) here: A synthetic oscillatory network of transcriptional regulators , Elowitz M.B. , Leibler S., Nature(403),335-38: 2000 Octamerization of CI repressor is needed for effective repression of PRM and efficient switching from lysogeny. Ian B. Dodd,1 Alison J. Perkins, Daniel Tsemitsidis, and J. Barry Egan , Genes and Development (Vol 15, No. 22) 3013-3022: 2001 References (unparsed) here: A synthetic oscillatory network of transcriptional regulators , Elowitz M.B. , Leibler S., Nature(403),335-38: 2000 Octamerization of CI repressor is needed for effective repression of PRM and efficient switching from lysogeny. Ian B. Dodd,1 Alison J. Perkins, Daniel Tsemitsidis, and J. Barry Egan , Genes and Development (Vol 15, No. 22) 3013-3022: 2001 BBa_C0051 cI repressor is based on the cI repressor from the Elowitz's repressilator. It has been modified to include a rapid degradation LAA tail, and includes the BioBrick standard assembly head and tail restriction sites. The RBS has been removed. The stop codon has been changed from TAA to a double stop codon TAATAA.
Elowitz, M. B. Transport, Assembly, and Dynamics in Systems of Interacting Proteins. Thesis, Princeton Univ., Princeton (1999).
In complex with HSL, LuxR binds to the Lux promoter, activating transcription from Pr <bb_part>BBa_R0062</bb_part>, and repressing transcription from Pl <bb_part>BBa_R0063</bb_part>. The lux cassette of V. fischeri contains a left and a right promoter. The right promoter gives weak constitutive expression of downstream genes.This expression is up-regulated by the action of the Lux activator, LuxR complexed to HSL. Two molecules of LuxR protein form a complex with two molecules the signalling compound homoserine lactone (HSL). This complex binds to a palindromic site on the promoter, increasing the rate of transcription.
2 silent point mutants were introduced in the coding sequence to remove internal XbaI and PstI sites. Mutation sites were chosen to replace codons commonly used in E. coli with codons used at a similar frequency.
V. fischeri <genbank>AF170104</genbank>
Promoter (luxR & HSL regulated -- lux pL)
The lux cassette of V. fischeri contains a left and a right promoter. The left promoter gives weak constitutive expression of downstream genes.This expression is down-regulated by the action of the Lux repressor, LuxR. Two molecules of LuxR protein form a complex with two molecules the signalling compound homoserine lactone (HSL). This complex binds to a palindromic site on the promoter, increasing the rate of transcription from Pr, repressing transcription from Pl
This promoter is based on the Vibrio fischeri quorum sensing gene promoters. Two genes LuxI and LuxR and transcribed in opposite directions as shown below. The original sequence from which the parts <bb_part>BBa_R0062</bb_part> and <bb_part>BBa_R0063</bb_part> were derived is shown in the picture below.Includes most of Lux reulatory region, including the LuxR binding site which activates the right promoter. A putative LuxR autorepression binding site is also identified adjacent to the -10 site of the right promoter. This 2nd site has 55% identity with the first site. Putative inverted repeats (of size 18-27 bp) also exist between these two sites (not marked above), which may represent binding sites for other regulatory proteins. <img src="<bb_file>Image01.gif</bb_file>" width="614" height="362"> Unspecified.
Grace Kenney, Daniel Shen, Neelaksh Varshney, Samantha Sutton
Coding region for the LacI protein with an LVA degradation tail and without an RBS. LacI binds to the pLac regulator <bb_part>BBa_R0010</bb_part> and PLlac01 hybrid regulator <bb_part>BBa_R0011</bb_part> and inhibits transcription. IPTG (Isopropylthiogalactoside) binds to LacI and inhibits its operation, therefore promoting transcription. A rapid degredation tail (LVA) has been added to improve the High to Low performance of this part.
References (unparsed) here: Elowitz, M.B., Leibler, S. A synthetic oscillatory network of transcriptional regulators. Nature 403, 335-338 (2000). [ELOW00] References (unparsed) here: Elowitz, M.B., Leibler, S. A synthetic oscillatory network of transcriptional regulators. Nature 403, 335-338 (2000). [ELOW00] Sequence taken from the repressilator of Elowitz and Leibler (2000). The obtained sequence was compared to the wild-type sequence for LacI obtained through a database search. The sequence had been modified from the wild-type in that wild-type GTG start was changed to an ATG start (note, actual ORF in E.coli has several GTG starts it would seem). The LVA tag has been added for quicker degradation. Incompatible with systems containing LacI, lactose, or IPTG.
represillator of Elowitz and Leibler (2000)
The p22 cII regulatory region sequence is a 97 base-pair sequence with the standard BioBrick prefix and suffix sections on its ends. p22 cII repressor protein, BBa_C0053, binds to it. This segment contains O-R1, O-R2, a fragment of O-R3, the -35 of P-RM, and P-R (-10 and -35 from Tom Knight)
c2 repressor from Salmonella phage P22 (+LVA)
The P22 c2 repressor protein coding sequence is a 720 base-pair sequence with the standard RBS-compatible BioBrick prefix and the standard BioBrick suffix sections on its ends. It binds to the P22 c2 regulatory sequence, BBa_R0053. The sequence contains a LVA tag for faster degredation.
References (unparsed) here: Vander Byl,C. and Kropinski,A.M. Sequence of the genome of Salmonella bacteriophage P22 J. Bacteriol. 182 (22), 6472-6481 (2000) References (unparsed) here: Vander Byl,C. and Kropinski,A.M. Sequence of the genome of Salmonella bacteriophage P22 J. Bacteriol. 182 (22), 6472-6481 (2000)
Synthesizes 3OC6HSL, which binds to LuxR. The lux cassette of V. fischeri contains a left and a right promoter. The right promoter gives weak constitutive expression of downstream genes.This expression is up-regulated by the action of the Lux repressor, LuxR. Two molecules of LuxR protein form a complex with two molecules the signalling compound HSL. This complex binds to a palindromic site on the promoter, increasing the rate of transcription.
An LVA tail (sequence: AANDENYALVA) was added to increase protein degradation. .
Promoter, Standard (lambda cI regulated)
Vinay S Mahajan, Brian Chow, Peter Carr, Voichita Marinescu and Alexander D. Wissner-Gross Drew Endy
[Note: This is the same part as R0051 except that the -10 and -35 sites and spacing have been changed to comply with BBa_S0001]. The cI regulated promoter is based on the pR promtoer from bacteriohage lambda. The promoter has two two DNA binding sites for lambda cI repressor <bb_part>BBa_C0051</bb_part>. cI binding results in repression of transcription. The specific sequence used here is based on the cI repressible promoter used in the Elowitz repressilator (and references therein).
In order to address concerns about the promoter transcribing in the reverse direction, we have removed the -35 and -10 signals responsible for the promoter activity in the reverse direction. (More details needed here! DE, 2/24/03) Modified to comply with BBa_S0001: TTGACA-17N-GATACT Incompatible with host expressing cI repressor.
A synthetic oscillatory network of transcriptional regulators , Elowitz M.B. , Leibler S., Nature(403),335-38: 2000
autoinducer inactivation enzyme from Bacillus; hydrolyzes acetyl homoserine lactone
Vinay S Mahajan, Brian Chow, Peter Carr, Voichita D. Marinescu and Alexander D. Wissner-Gross
Coding region for the autoinducer inactivation enzyme A (aiiA) LVA tagged. The gene was originally isolated from Bacillus sp. 240B1 and it encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs)--quorum sensing autoinducers.
References (unparsed) here: Dong,Y.H., Xu,J.L., Li,X.Z. and Zhang,L.H.: AiiA, an enzyme that inactivates the acylhomoserine lactone quorum-sensing signal and attenuates the virulence of Erwinia carotovora, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (7), 3526-3531 (2000). http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/97/7/3526 Lee SJ, Park SY, Lee JJ, Yum DY, Koo BT, Lee JK.: Genes encoding the N-acyl homoserine lactone-degrading enzyme are widespread in many subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis, Appl Environ Microbiol 2002 Aug;68(8):3919-24. http://aem.asm.org/cgi/content/full/68/8/3919?view=full&pmid=12147491 References (unparsed) here: Dong,Y.H., Xu,J.L., Li,X.Z. and Zhang,L.H.: AiiA, an enzyme that inactivates the acylhomoserine lactone quorum-sensing signal and attenuates the virulence of Erwinia carotovora, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (7), 3526-3531 (2000). http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/97/7/3526 Lee SJ, Park SY, Lee JJ, Yum DY, Koo BT, Lee JK.: Genes encoding the N-acyl homoserine lactone-degrading enzyme are widespread in many subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis, Appl Environ Microbiol 2002 Aug;68(8):3919-24. http://aem.asm.org/cgi/content/full/68/8/3919?view=full&pmid=12147491 BBa_C0060 insert contains open reading frame (nucleotides 49-801) of the GeneBank sequence AF196486 followed by the LVA tag and two double stop codons inserted in the BioBrick prefix and suffix flanking regions. The original stop codon was TAG and in the present sequence it was substituted by TAATAA.
<genbank>AF196486</genbank> from Bacillus sp. 240B1 putative metallohydrolase (aiiA) gene. Dong,Y.H., Xu,J.L., Li,X.Z. and Zhang,L.H.: AiiA, an enzyme that inactivates the acylhomoserine lactone quorum-sensing signal and attenuates the virulence of Erwinia carotovora, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (7), 3526-3531 (2000).
The 434 cI repressor protein coding sequence is a 710 base-pair sequence with the standard RBS-compatible BioBrick prefix and the standard BioBrick suffix sections on its ends. It binds to the 434 regulatory sequence, BBa_R0052. The sequence contains a LVA tag for faster degredation and has no RBS.
References (unparsed) here: Nikolnikov,S., Posfai,G. and Sain,B. The construction of a versatile plasmid vector that allows direct selection of fragments cloned into six unique sites of the cI gene of coliphage 434. Gene 30 (1-3), 261-265 (1984) References (unparsed) here: Nikolnikov,S., Posfai,G. and Sain,B. The construction of a versatile plasmid vector that allows direct selection of fragments cloned into six unique sites of the cI gene of coliphage 434. Gene 30 (1-3), 261-265 (1984)
The cI regulated promoter is based on the pR promtoer from bacteriohage lambda. The promoter has two two DNA binding sites for lambda cI repressor <bb_part>BBa_C0051</bb_part>. cI binding results in repression of transcription. The specific sequence used here is based on the cI repressible promoter used in the Elowitz repressilator (and references therein).
In order to address concerns about the promoter transcribing in the reverse direction, we have removed the -35 and -10 signals responsible for the promoter activity in the reverse direction. (More details needed here! DE, 2/24/03) Incompatible with host expressing cI repressor.
Promoter (lacI regulated, lambda pL hybrid)
Neelaksh Varshney, Grace Kenney, Daniel Shen, Samantha Sutton
Inverting regulatory region controlled by LacI (<bb_part>BBa_C0010</bb_part>, <bb_part>BBa_C0011</bb_part>, etc.) The PLlac 0-1 promoter is a hybrid regulatory region consisting of the promoter P(L) of phage lambda with the cI binding sites replaced with lacO1. The hybrid design allows for strong promotion that can nevertheless be tightly repressed by LacI, the Lac inhibitor (i.e. repressor) (<bb_part>BBa_C0010</bb_part>) ([LUTZ97]). The activity of the promoter can be regulated over a >600-fold range by IPTG in E.Coli DH5-alpha-Z1 (same paper reference).
hybrid promoter design to create strong promoter that is, at the same time, highly repressible. note that the upstream operator installed in this hybrid is slightly different than the one in the original source (Lutz and Bujard, 1997). the most upstream operator region is slightly truncated in the represillator version, so that both operators in the hybrid are the same sequence. see references for details. also, the sequence has been truncated after the transcriptional start site. LacI binds to this regulator. This part is incompatible with species containing active LacI coding regions. Lactose and IPTG disable the operation of LacI and increase transcription. This part is incompatible with environments containing lactose or lactose analogs.
RBS.4 (weaker) -- derivative of BBa_0030
Weaker RBS based on Ron Weiss thesis. Strengths relative to <bb_part>BBa_B0030</bb_part>, <bb_part>BBa_B0031</bb_part>, <bb_part>BBa_B0032</bb_part>.
Varies from -6 to +1 region from original sequence to accomodate BioBricks suffix ("RBS-3" in figure 4-14 of thesis). No secondary structures are formed in the given RBS region. Users should check for secondary structures induced in the RBS by upstream and downstream elements in the +50 to -50 region, as such structures will greatly affect the strength of the RBS. Contact info for this part: Brian Chow
Promoter, Standard (luxR and HSL regulated -- lux pR)
Vinay S Mahajan, Voichita D. Marinescu, Brian Chow, Alexander D Wissner-Gross and Peter Carr Drew Endy
[Note: This is the same part as R0062 except that the -10 and -35 sites and spacing have been changed to comply with BBa_S0001]. Promoter activated by LuxR in concert with HSL The lux cassette of V. fischeri contains a left and a right promoter. The right promoter gives weak constitutive expression of downstream genes.This expression is up-regulated by the action of the LuxR activator protein complexed with the autoinducer, 3-oxo-hexanoyl-HSL. Two molecules of LuxR protein form a complex with two molecules of the signalling compound homoserine lactone (HSL). This complex binds to a palindromic site on the promoter, increasing the rate of transcription.
This promoter is based on the Vibrio fischeri quorum sensing gene promoters. Two genes LuxI and LuxR and transcribed in opposite directions as shown below. The original sequence from which the parts <bb_part>BBa_R0062</bb_part> and <bb_part>BBa_R0063</bb_part> were derived is shown in the picture below. <img src="<bb_file part=BBa_R0062>Image1.gif</bb_file>" width="614" height="362"> Modified to comply with BBa_S0001: TTGACA-17N-GATACT
June Rhee, Connie Tao, Ty Thomson, Louis Waldman
Sequence for pTet inverting regulator driven by the TetR protein.
BBa_R0040 TetR-Regulated Promoter is based on a cI promoter. It has been modified to include two TetR binding sites and the BioBrick standard assembly head and tail restriction sites.
Lutz, R., Bujard, H., Nucleic Acids Research (1997) 25, 1203-1210.
RBS (Elowitz 1999) -- defines RBS efficiency
Varies from -6 to +1 region from original sequence to accomodate BioBricks suffix. No secondary structures are formed in the given RBS region. Users should check for secondary structures induced in the RBS by upstream and downstream elements in the +50 to -50 region, as such structures will greatly affect the strength of the RBS. Contact info for this part: Brian Chow
Promoter (lambda cI and luxR regulated -- hybrid)
cI repressor negatively regulates this promoter and LuxR activates its transcription.The effect of cI is dominant over LuxR. This part is based on the LuxR and cI repressor regulated hybrid promoter designed and tested by Ron Weiss. It requires the binding of two cI repressor dimers for maximal repression and contains two cI repressor binding sites namely, OR1 and OR2. This promoter is leaky in the sense that 'some' transcription is seen in the absence of both cI and LuxR. LuxI cI activity of promoter + + zero + - maximum - + zero - - leaky (no quantitative information)
This part was designed based on the LuxR and cI repressor regulated hybrid promoter tested by Ron Weiss and the LuxR-LuxICDABE sequence annotated by Tom Knight <genbank>AF170104</genbank>.